Health education (HE) has a major role to play in preventing risky behaviour that may lead to sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and adopting responsible behaviour. Our study aims at analysing the conceptions and practices of biology teachers in relation to HE and STIs risk education (RE).

The study methodology was based on administrating a questionnaire to 253 attached teachers in different regions of Tunisia; in order to understand to which extent teachers, contribute to the sexual health promotion among schoolchildren. The study used mixed method design, by both quantitative and qualitative approaches. Quantitative analysis is performed by SPSS software and a lexical analysis of the content of the responses using Iramuteq software.

The research findings show a confusion between danger and risk concepts in most teacher interviewed. The difficulties to conduct this theme were mainly related to the institutional context (programme load, restricted time) than to be personal factors (beliefs and attitudes).

The difficulty of implementing RE is due to the lack of training for teachers. The study recommends several approaches to improve STIs RE in schools which include in-service training for teachers and the significance of partnership.