The history of collegiate recovery programs in the United States attempts to connect two competing yet related activities. The First Movement is a treatment renewal movement whose goals are to reconnect treatment to the process of long-term recovery and rebuild relationships between treatment organizations, local communities and local recovery support groups. The Second Movement, the recovery advocacy movement, rose in reaction to the re-stigmatization, de-medicalization and re-criminalization of alcohol and other drug (AOD) problems in the 1980s and 1990s. The goals of this second movement included reaffirming the reality of long-term addiction recovery, by celebrating the legitimacy of multiple pathways of recovery, enhancing the variety, availability and quality of local/ regional treatment and recovery support services, and transforming existing human services into recovery-oriented systems of care. The goal of the above approaches is to integrate a comprehensive social support network both on campus and in the community geared toward: (1) the elimination of stress on college campuses; (2) being attentive regarding environmental factors such as, stigma and discrimination; and (3) increasing employment opportunities (workforce Initiatives).