In the modern era, the policymakers and public health personnel should not only prepare themselves for combating infectious and lifestyle disorders, but should also be well-equipped to deal with the social diseases. The concept of social defense is still in the early days, and it is a comprehensive system developed to defend the society against criminality not merely by treating and defending the offended, but also by creating an enabling environment in the community, which is conducive for a healthy and wholesome growth of human life. Social defense measures can be utilized to counter many social problems, and it essentially deals with the prevention and control of juvenile delinquency, eradication of child labor, prevention of human trafficking, welfare of prisoners, elimination of prostitution, control of alcoholism, drug addiction, gambling and suicides, etc. To conclude, the social defense concept is an emerging public health area which embraces the entire gamut of prophylactic, curative and rehabilitative services for safeguarding the entire community from the antisocial or criminal behavior of humans.